Understanding Equine Gastric Discomfort: How to Spot It and Help Your Horse Feel Better

As horse owners, we know how important it is to keep our horses healthy and happy. But have you ever considered the role of gastric comfort in your horse's well-being? Just like humans, horses can suffer from gastric discomfort, and it’s something that often gets overlooked. With the modern demands of exercise, travel, and stabling, gastric stress in horses is more common than you might think. Understanding it, spotting the signs, and making a few adjustments can go a long way in helping your horse feel their best.

What is Equine Gastric Discomfort?

Equine gastric discomfort refers to any issue in the stomach that causes discomfort or stress to your horse. It can stem from a range of factors, from a poor diet to stress or even the way we manage their daily routines. Horses’ stomachs are designed to be constantly working, with their digestive systems evolving to handle grazing for up to 16 hours a day. When their natural eating patterns are disrupted, or stress levels rise, it can lead to issues like gastric ulcers or other digestive discomfort.

Why Does It Happen?

Horses are grazers by nature. In the wild, they would spend most of their time eating small amounts of forage, all day long. This constant grazing helps buffer stomach acids and keeps their digestive system running smoothly. But in modern equine management, things are a little different. Many horses are stabled for long periods, and feeding schedules don’t always allow for constant grazing. They may be fed large meals or concentrates that don’t mimic their natural diet. Additionally, factors like stress (from travel, changes in routine, or new companions) can all increase the risk of gastric stress.

Common Signs of Gastric Discomfort in Horses

The signs of gastric discomfort can vary depending on the horse, but here are a few key things to watch out for:

• Poor appetite or picky eating: A horse with gastric discomfort might show a decreased interest in food or only eat certain things. They may become more selective or eat smaller portions.
• Weight loss and poor coat condition: If your horse is losing weight or their coat looks dull and unkempt, it could be a sign that they aren’t absorbing nutrients properly due to digestive issues.
• Behavior changes: Horses with gastric discomfort can become more sensitive or irritable. This could show up as increased girthiness, sudden mood changes, or a reluctance to work.
• Teeth grinding or bloating: Some horses may show signs of discomfort through teeth grinding (bruxism) or bloating after eating.
• Lethargy or poor performance: Horses that are normally energetic or perform well might start to show signs of sluggishness or poor performance when their stomach is bothering them.

Common Risk Factors for Gastric Stress

1. Diet: A low-fiber diet with too many concentrates (grain-based feeds) can upset the balance of a horse’s stomach. Horses need plenty of roughage to keep their digestive system in check.
2. Limited turnout: Horses that are kept in stalls for long periods without the opportunity to graze or move around are at a higher risk.
3. Stress: Travel, changes in routine, or changes in companions can all cause stress, which is a significant risk factor for gastric issues.
4. Exercise on an empty stomach: Exercising a horse on an empty stomach can lead to digestive upset, as the stomach acids have nothing to buffer them.
5. Medication: Certain medications, like NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), can contribute to gastric stress and ulcers if used long-term.

How to Help Your Horse

The good news is that there are plenty of things you can do to help your horse maintain gastric comfort:

1. Provide plenty of fiber: Make sure your horse’s diet is based primarily on high-quality hay or grass. This mimics their natural grazing behavior and helps keep their stomach healthy.
2. Frequent, smaller meals: If your horse requires concentrated feeds, break them up into several smaller meals throughout the day. Always offer them alongside forage to prevent digestive upset.
3. Maximize turnout: Turnout is incredibly important for both physical and mental health. Allow your horse as much time outside as possible to graze and move around.
4. Minimize stress: Try to keep your horse’s routine as consistent as possible. If changes are unavoidable, try to minimize the impact of the change. Horses are sensitive to changes in their environment and companions, so providing a calm, familiar environment is key.
5. Consider supplements: If you can’t completely eliminate the risk factors (like travel or stress), consider using nutritional supplements that support gastric health. Products like gastric buffers or those with ingredients like aloe vera, chamomile, or probiotics can help soothe the stomach lining and promote healthy digestion.

When to Call the Vet

If you notice any signs of gastric discomfort in your horse, it’s always a good idea to check with your vet. They can help rule out other possible causes and recommend appropriate treatment, which might include medications, changes to the diet, or other forms of support.

In some cases, gastric ulcers may be diagnosed, which would require specific veterinary care, but don’t panic—early intervention can make a huge difference in your horse’s recovery and overall health.

Conclusion

Gastric discomfort is a common issue in horses, but with the right management and attention, it’s something that can be minimized or even prevented. By providing a natural diet, reducing stress, and ensuring your horse gets plenty of time to graze and move around, you’re already taking important steps toward keeping their stomach happy. If you ever notice any signs of discomfort, don’t hesitate to reach out to your vet—they’ll help guide you in the right direction for treatment.

By staying proactive and being aware of your horse’s needs, you’ll be helping them lead a happier, healthier life. After all, a comfortable stomach means a happier horse overall!